The dc motor drives are used mainly for good speed regulation, frequent starting, braking and reversing. Dc motors are used extensively in adjustable speed drives and position control applications. In type b or second quadrant chopper the load must always contain a dc source e. Implement dc chopper model for dc motor drives simulink. Pdf the speed of the separately excited dc motor can be controlled from below and above the rated speed by using buck converter. Chopper fed speed control of dc motor using pi controller. The variable voltage to the armature of a dc motor for speed control can be obtained from a dc chopper which is a. The classical controllers algorithm is both simple and reliable, and has been applied to thousands of control loops in various industrial applications over the past 60 years 89%90% of applications. The optimization of speed controller is done using modulus hugging approach, in order to get stable and fast control of dc motor. Chopper fed speed control of dc motor using pi c ontroller doi. International journal on recent technologies in mechanical. Chopper fed current controlled dc motor drive using pid controller. When a motor draws power from supply, the voltage and current are in the same direction.
Power factor correction using stepup chopper fed to a dc. Nikhil chowdhary akansha 1473720006 department of electrical engineering rajkiya engineering college ambedkar nagar224122u. A zadeh in 1973 and applied mamdani 1974 in an attempt to control system that are structurally difficult to. Modeling and control of dc chopper fed brushless dc motor.
The dc motor may be a dc series motor or a dc separately excited motor or a pmdc motor. It simply chops fixed dc and generates variable dc. Essentially, a chopper is an electronic switch that is used to interrupt one signal under the control of another. Part 3 examines the operation of a standard dc drive system with speed and current control. Three machines all of the same power rating were required for each of these ward leonard drives, which was good business for the motor. Question bank with answer mahalakshmi engineering college. So, chopper serves the same purpose in dc circuit transfers in case of ac circuit. The most important feature of chopper control is that the regenerative braking is carried out at very low generating speed when the drive is fed from a fixed. This variable output voltage is fed to the dc motor. The basic principle of dc motor speed control is that keeping field voltage constant, the output speed of dc motor can be varied by controlling armature voltage the speed is. Chopper fed dc drives separately excited dcm current limit. One of the popular methods of speed control of dc motor is using chopper. First, internalmodelcontrol imc is used to control speed without closed loop current control scheme.
Dc chopper conver ts fixed dc into variable dc voltage. Basically it work as the buck converter circuit diagram. Chopper fed dc motor drive nss eng college eee lab results. Pdf chopper fed speed control of dc motor using pi. The variation of time ratio at constant chopper frequency provides a variable voltage. This paper proposes a way to govern the rate and route control of a dc motor with the help of a 4 quadrant dcdc chopper. Four quadrant operation of chopper fed separately excited. A separately excited dc motor fed from a dc chopper employing trc strategy is shown in fig. Part 2 continues with a look at converter output impedance, fourquadrant operation, single and doubleconverter reversing drives and power factor and supply effects.
Everywhere dc motors are used in large applications, the use of drives are very necessary for the smooth running and operating of these motors. Pdf chopper fed speed control of dc motor using pi controller. Pdf closed loop speed control of chopper fed dc motor for. The input voltage of the voltage source inverter remains constant, and their output voltage is independent of the load. However, the underlying hard switching strategy causes an unsatisfactory dynamic behavior, producing abrupt variations in the. Fractionalorder pid control of a chopperfed dc motor. Adle and rajesh rane accepted 22 july 20, available online 01 august 20, vol. Atulkumar dewangan, durga sharma, shikha mishra, pid controller based chopper fed dc motor drive using fuzzsy logic, international journal of engineering. The armature voltage is controlled by a semiconverter or fullconverter and the field. Let us first understand how it generates variable dc.
The speed control loop outputs the reference armature current of. Pdf modeling and simulation of adaptive neurofuzzy. Now the motor is said to be in motoring operation, its operation corresponds to first quadrant if there is a possibility of reversing the current direction keeping the voltage polarity same, the motor is said to be operating in second quadrant. Integral derivative pid controller for speed regulation in a dc motor drive. This paper proposes a method to control the speed and direction control of a dc motor by using a four quadrant dcdc chopper. The fourquadrant chopper dc drive dc7 block represents a fourquadrant, dcsupplied, chopper or dcdc pwm converter drive for dc motors. Directcurrent motors are extensively used in variablespeed drives and position. Converter chopper fed dc motor drive single phase fully controlled converter fed separately excited d. In this paper, a simplified speed control design of chopper fed direct current dc motor drive with single feedback control structure is proposed. Closed loop speed control of chopper fed dc motor for industrial. Introduction fuzzy logic control flc is one of the most successful applications of fuzzy set theory, introduced by l. The most important feature of chopper control is that the regenerative braking is carried out at very low generating speed when the drive is fed from a fixed voltage to low dc voltage. The power electronics converters, such as controlled rectifier fed. Pid controller based chopperfed dc motor drive using.
This drive features closedloop speed control with fourquadrant operation. Design and implementation of pid controller for a two quadrant chopper fed dc motor drive rahul v. Type b chopper or secondquadrant chopper chopper second quadrant. In case that a dc to dc converter is used the respective category is called. The proposed controller is used in speed control loop to improve the response.
Dc motor speed control using chopper engineers garage. The motorgenerator mg set could be sited remote from the d. Unit ii converter chopper fed dc motor drive single. Part 1 begins with an overview of the operation of thyristor fed dc motor drives.
Then, an analytical method based on imc principles is applied to design a singleloop imc controller with a proportionalintegral. This paper presents the speed control methodology by varying armature voltage of the dc motor. A fuzzy logic based robust speed controller for chopper fed dc motor drive conference paper pdf available may 2012 with 446 reads how we measure reads. U ii converter chopper fed dc motor drive steady state analysis of the single and three phase converter fed separately excited dc motor drivecontinuous conduction time ratio and current limit control 4 quadrant operation of converter chopper fed driveapplications. When the chopper is on, v 0 is zero but the load voltage e drives the current through the inductor l and the chopper, l stores the energy during the time t on of the chopper. The chopperfed dc drive models dc5, dc6, dc7 produce regenerative braking in similar fashions. The load current can be determined using the relevant equations. Speed control of dc motor using chopper presented by. A fuzzy logic based robust speed controller for chopper. A chopper is a device that converts fixed dc input to a variable dc output voltage directly. Chopper fed speed control of separatly excited dc motor. The chopper block models a standard halfbridge one leg, two igbts or fullbridge two legs, four igbts converter model. Controlled rectifierfed thyristorfed dc motor drive. Simulation of voltage and current in series circuit matlab.
Design and implementation of pid controller for a two. The motor drive mechanical load characteristics by inertia j. In this video we discussed about the dc to dc conversion by using thyristor and its application in the speed control of dc motor. In electronics, a chopper circuit is used to refer to numerous types of electronic switching devices and circuits used in power control and signal applications. The speed below the base speed can be controlled by armature voltage control method. The output speed is compared with the reference speed and error signal is fed to speed controller. Dc motor drives are used drastically in adjustable pace drives and function manage programs. Modeling and control of dc chopper fed brushless dc motor harith mohan1, remya k p2. In many different applications it is required to control speed of dc motor. Dc chopper drives classification of chopper fed dc drives. Chopper can increase or decrease the dc voltage level at its opposite side.
The armature voltage is controlled by a semiconverter or. Abstractthis article deals with an interesting application of proportional. A fractionalorder pid fopid controller based on dfa is proposed to improve the performance of a chopperfed direct current motor drive. Design of single closed loop control for chopper fed dc. Before enlisting the practical applications of the drives used for dc motors, we will discuss about the different operation of electric drives for. In this project, an armature voltage controlled dc motor has been considered. Chopper is a device that gives variable dc output from applied fixed dc input. Matlab closed loop control of chopper fed dc motor. Chopper control of separately excited dc motor circuit globe. The basic circuit for a singlephase separately excited dc motor drive is shown in fig. The speed under the base velocity may be controlled by way of armature voltage manage technique. It has two operating modes to represent a detailed or an averagevalue chopper. Separately excited dc motor, chopper circuit, hysteresis current control, speed control, model reference adaptive controller, fuzzy neural controller. Types of chopper circuits type a, type b, type c, type d.
The chopper was operated at high frequency due to which it upgrade the motor performances by decreasing the ripple and removing the discontinuous conduction. The variable dc voltage is controlled by varying the on and offtimes of a converter. Speed control of dc motor using chopper linkedin slideshare. The magnitude of the load current depends on the nature of the load impedance. Chopper fed current controlled dc motor drive using pid. The system consists of dcdc buck converter to drive the dc motor. By varying the dc voltage,the motor speed can be controlled. The speed of the separately excited dc motor can be controlled from below and above the rated speed by using buck converter. After obtaining the complete model of dc drive system, the model is simulated using matlabsimulink. The variable dc voltage is controlled by varying the on.
674 1215 1487 1118 91 463 600 720 773 945 131 605 1080 1342 1158 1034 358 825 88 251 1469 610 62 491 769 1037 953 337 44 1358 365 1277 305